Situla Art: An Iron Age Artisanal Tradition Found Between the Apennines and the Eastern Alps and Its Identity Valencies

Abstract Situla Art is an Iron Age artisanal tradition dated to c. 660/650–275 BC, corresponding the Hallstatt C2 La Tène B2 phases. It characterised by striking sheet-bronze objects with embossed and/or incised decoration in Orientalising taste animals, plants human figures generally distributed friezes. documented between Apennines and eastern Alps, Este suggested as its key centre. This paper provides a long overdue literature review, working definition for updated catalogue 306 objects. also (re-)investigates influences which may have led emergence of Art, development decline. Hats earrings depicted are investigated highlight their identity valencies, provide socio-political insights on elite who used non-linguistic symbol-based system acquire, exhibit legitimate power over time area distribution.